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PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST
What is it
PFT are a group of tests that are performed to assess the functions of
the lungs. Measuring the volumes during different phases of breathing,
adequacy of airflow in and out of lungs and expanding capabilities or
elasticity of lungs can assess the lung functions. Tests can be performed
not only to assess the breathing volumes and flows, but also the adequacy
of oxygenation of blood that lungs are supposed to carry out. The major
types of pulmonary function tests include spirometry, measurement of lung
volumes, and quantitation of diffusing capacity usinf small quantity of
carbon monoxide. Measurements of maximal respiratory pressures and forced
inspiratory flow rates are also useful in specific clinical circumstances
Evaluation of lung functions is important in many clinical situations,
both when the patient has a history or symptoms suggestive of lung disease,
and when risk factors for lung disease are present, such as cigarette
smoking.
Why is it done?
These tests are used to evaluate lung mechanics,
gas exchange, pulmonary blood flow, and blood gases and pH. They are useful
to evaluate patients in the diagnosis of pulmonary disease, assessment
of disease development, or evaluation of the risk of pulmonary complications
from surgery. PFT is quite often advised for patients suspected to have
diseases like asthma, emphysema or other conditions with low reserves.
They are also very useful to monitor the progress or improvement of the
disease process that affects lungs and response to certain medications.
They however do not assess infection tumors or birth defects of lungs.
Why is it done?
Pulmonary function testing is useful for evaluation of a variety
of forms of lung disease or for assessing the presence of disease in a
patient with known risk factors, such as smoking. Other indications for
pulmonary function tests include:
· Evaluation of symptoms such as chronic persistent
cough, breathlessness, and chest pain.
· Objective assessment of treatment.· Evaluation of effects
of exposure to dusts or chemicals at work.
· Risk evaluation of patients prior to cardio-thoracic or upper
abdominal surgery.
· Objective assessment of impairment or disability.
These tests should be done least once a year for high
risk individuals or as and when recommended by the doctor. There are 3
types of PET:
1. Routine: For patients who are to be operated.
2. Routine with broncho-dilataor: For patients with lung problems like
asthma, bronchitis & COPD.
3. Dynamic: People who have pulmonary fibrosis (severe asthma, lung cancer
etc).
How is it done?
The mouth piece is to be held tightly between
lips to prevent any air leak.(a nose clip is put on to prevent extra air
entering.).
Patient has to inhale & exhale normally 4-5 times.
Then the patient is required to take a deep breath in, hold it for a while,
and then exhale forcefully and completely, emptying his lungs as much
as he can.
This has to be repeated a few times as required.The second step is to
inhale and exhale normally 4-5 times.
Then, the patient has to take a deep breath in, and exhale normally &
completely, expelling as much air as possible from his lungs.
The last step is to continuously inhale & exhale forcefully for 30
seconds this process is called Hyperventilation.
The tracings of all volume displacement against time are recorded.
How to Avail it?
One has to dial 6825000, 6825004, and 6825005 and take an appointment
for a suitable date for check-up. One may also fix up the appointment
through the internet (ehirc.com).
Before ... Precautions & prerequisites
A few hours of fasting is usually recommended.
Kindly check at the time of appointment.
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